Trike Parts Catalog

Trike Parts Catalog

CalfeeDesign – Carbon Fiber Frame Design

CalfeeDesign

Initial performance calculations

Completed initial performance spreadsheet, results are listed below. Assumptions are as follows:

• 26" rear wheel
• rolling resistance coefficient  = .01
• Cd = .3
• frontal area = 9ft^2
• net weight = 385# (250# rider)

These are initial assumptions and will need to be verified as the design develops. Using these assumptions, the best gear ratio to satisfy the 10% grade requirement was 19.1. This value would give a top speed on level ground of about 25 MPH. The limiting factors are the 10 minute current rating of the motor of 115 amps, and the motor torque vs. required torque.

The gear ratio is higher than I was anticipating so the next step will be to design a gear train to produce a 19.1:1 reduction -  the initial design goal of 20 MPH up a 10% grade looks feasible, but the level cruise top speed is limited to 25 MPH rather than the desired 30 MPH because of the gearing. Optimizing the aero and drag might allow the top speed to be increased.

Performance Spreadsheet Results:

	Gear Ratio	19.1
Speed (MPH)	Grade (%)	Tire rolling resistance (Cr)	Total rolling force (lbs)	Still air drag force (lbs)	Relative wind factor (Cw)	Relative wind drag force (lbs)	Incline force (lbs)	Rolling drag force (lbs)	Total drag force (lbs)	Motor Torque Reqd  (ft-lbs)	Motor RPM	Max Motor Torque (ft-lbs)	Current Draw (amps)
5	0	0.011	5.19	0.17	2.74	0.47	0.00	5.19	5.84	0.32	1278	9.84	21.0
10	0	0.011	5.38	0.69	0.82	0.57	0.00	5.38	6.64	0.36	2555	7.59	22.8
15	0	0.012	5.57	1.55	0.42	0.66	0.00	5.57	7.79	0.43	3833	5.35	25.4
20	0	0.012	5.77	2.76	0.27	0.75	0.00	5.77	9.28	0.51	5110	3.10	28.7
25	0	0.013	5.96	4.32	0.20	0.84	0.00	5.96	11.12	0.61	6388	0.86	32.9
30	0	0.013	6.15	6.21	0.15	0.93	0.00	6.15	13.30	0.73	7666	0.00	37.8
35	0	0.014	6.34	8.46	0.12	1.03	0.00	6.34	15.83	0.87	8943	0.00	43.5
40	0	0.014	6.54	11.05	0.10	1.12	0.00	6.54	18.70	1.03	10221	0.00	50.0
45	0	0.015	6.73	13.98	0.09	1.21	0.00	6.73	21.92	1.20	11498	0.00	57.3
50	0	0.015	6.92	17.26	0.08	1.30	0.00	6.92	25.49	1.40	12776	0.00	65.3
5	10	0.011	5.19	0.17	2.74	0.47	38.26	5.16	44.07	2.42	1278	9.84	107.2
10	10	0.011	5.38	0.69	0.82	0.57	38.26	5.36	44.87	2.46	2555	7.59	109.0
15	10	0.012	5.57	1.55	0.42	0.66	38.26	5.55	46.02	2.52	3833	5.35	111.6
20	10	0.012	5.77	2.76	0.27	0.75	38.26	5.74	47.51	2.60	5110	3.10	115.0
25	10	0.013	5.96	4.32	0.20	0.84	38.26	5.93	49.34	2.70	6388	0.00	119.1
30	10	0.013	6.15	6.21	0.15	0.93	38.26	6.12	51.53	2.82	7666	0.00	124.0
35	10	0.014	6.34	8.46	0.12	1.03	38.26	6.31	54.05	2.96	8943	0.00	129.7
40	10	0.014	6.54	11.05	0.10	1.12	38.26	6.50	56.93	3.12	10221	0.00	136.2
5	20	0.011	5.19	0.17	2.74	0.47	75.40	5.09	81.14	4.45	1278	9.84	190.8
10	20	0.011	5.38	0.69	0.82	0.57	75.40	5.28	81.94	4.49	2555	7.59	192.7
15	20	0.012	5.57	1.55	0.42	0.66	75.40	5.47	83.08	4.55	3833	5.35	195.2
20	20	0.012	5.77	2.76	0.27	0.75	75.40	5.66	84.57	4.64	5110	0.00	198.6
25	20	0.013	5.96	4.32	0.20	0.84	75.40	5.84	86.40	4.74	6388	0.00	202.7
30	20	0.013	6.15	6.21	0.15	0.93	75.40	6.03	88.58	4.86	7666	0.00	207.6
35	20	0.014	6.34	8.46	0.12	1.03	75.40	6.22	91.11	4.99	8943	0.00	213.3
5	25	0.011	5.19	0.17	2.74	0.47	93.25	5.04	98.93	5.42	1278	9.84	231.0
10	25	0.011	5.38	0.69	0.82	0.57	93.25	5.22	99.73	5.47	2555	7.59	232.8
15	25	0.012	5.57	1.55	0.42	0.66	93.25	5.41	100.87	5.53	3833	0.00	235.4
20	25	0.012	5.77	2.76	0.27	0.75	93.25	5.60	102.36	5.61	5110	0.00	238.7
5	30	0.011	5.19	0.17	2.74	0.47	110.48	4.97	116.10	6.36	1278	9.84	269.7

Motor Torque Curve:

Notes on Motors

Notes on Motors

6-6-06 Update

I will make weekly posts covering the activities accomplished in the preceding week, since this is the first update I will cover all work done up until now.

Thesis proposal written and submitted to Dr. Dini on 5/16

Began research on commercial and homebuilt trikes and velomobiles, posts have been made to this blog with details of the different vehicles. Posts can be accessed by clicking on the Trikes category. 

Researched and tested different blog hosting providers to evaluate which was best suited to host the project. WordPress was chosen as the best solution in conjunction with the blog editor Qumana. Comments on the blog providers that were tested are listed below:

 blogger.com – easy posting, nice templates, Word add-in, only images can be uploaded, no categories or page capabilities.

MSN Spaces – didn't like templates, password protected, categories, no page capabilities, only images can be uploaded.

WordPress – support pages, categories, work with blog editor Qumana, acceptable templates, not password protected – best overall solution

Started work on performance model in Excel and made initial motor and controller selection.

ElectricRider – Dave’s Bike

50 MPH electric bike: ElectricRider – Dave's Bike

Thoughts and Ideas over building a trike

Thoughts and Ideas over building a trike

Tulpa – Homebuilt Full Suspension Trike

http://pictures.care2.com/view/1/174801833/0

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BikeEV

BikeEV Specifications

The following list of specs is primarily from my memory; errors and omissions will be corrected as they are discovered!

Motor:

24V permanent magnet DC (PMDC), 1HP with integral 11:1 right-angle reduction gearbox (330RPM max. at output shaft). Sourced from EMD (Electric Motor Developments) in Essex, UK. (approx. 23lbs)

Controller:

Made by Curtis (1206?), purchased rebuilt from Test Engineering with custom 80A current limit to protect the motor.

Batteries:

2 Hawker Genesis 12V 26Ah sealed AGM lead-acid batteries, wired as a 24V pack.

Powertrain:

Parallel human/electric hybrid. The rear wheel is driven by a 7-speed Sachs internal hub, which is in turn chain-driven from the motor output shaft (at a 1:1 ratio?). The motor output shaft can be driven directly by the electric motor as well as by the pedals, via a 7-speed cassette. A freewheel between the 7-speed cassette and the motor output shaft allow the pedals to remain stationary even while the motor is running.

Performance:

Top speed:

50kph (level ground, electric only)
60kph (electric + pedal assist).

Range:

30km to 80% DOD (real-world commute with hills at full speed with occasional pedal-assist).

Cost:

Bike (including Zipper fairing and Sachs hub): C$2500
Electric drive components: C$500

Weight:

approx. 100lbs total (23 motor + 29 bike + 23/battery + misc.)

The adapter and drive sprocket are now mounted on the output shaft, and the 7-speed cassette/freewheel threaded onto it. Unfortunately, I neglected to get a photo of the adapter on its own first. The output shaft has also been shortened at this point.

One of the two Hawker Genesis batteries is visible, suspended from the seat frame. The 12V batteries are wired in series to supply the 24V motor.

From the run of the drive chain, it is evident that the drive and driven sprockets are about the same size (24T, IIRC). The largest sprocket on the cassette driven by the pedals is a few teeth bigger (26T, again IIRC). The drive ratio from the motor back was chosen to allow a top speed of about 60kph, and the ratio from the pedals to allow a cyclist to provide some degree of pedal assist at all speeds.

http://www.geocities.com/Yosemite/Gorge/9546/bikev/bikev.htm

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Flevobike Versatile

"This is the first time that I’ve been able to take a really close look at the Flevobike Versatile velomobile.  This is a very impressive machine.  The interior looks more like a Mercedes Benz than a velomobile and the numerous custom parts are very well designed and well made.  The handling and suspension are outstanding and I was very impressed with the mesh seat.  Unfortunately all of this comes at a very high price.  7800€ is a lot of cash for a velomobile no matter how nice it is.  www.flevobike.nl"

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